ROAD SIGNS
Road signs or traffic signs are the devices mounted on road
side they are fixed or portable devices which specify information either by
word or signals. Traffic signs are most used cheapest traffic control devices.
WHAT IS PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE AND CLASSIFICATIONS OF PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE
PRE- STRESSED CONCRETE
Normal concrete structure have high compressive strength and
very low tension strength .in order to withdraw the weakness of concrete in
tension pre-tensioning technique is used .pre-stressed concrete it mean the
intentional creation of permanent compressive stresses in a structure for the
purpose of improving its behavior and strength for many service situations.
CLASSIFICATION OF PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE
HOW TO CALCULATE RENT OF BUILDING
As a civil engineer compulsory we want to know how to
calculate rent of building like
residential commercial etc .so in
this topic i will share some examples for how to calculate the annual rent and
monthly rent of buildings.
EXAMPLE 1
CALCULATE THE ANNUAL RENT OF BUILDING WITH THE FOLLOWING
DATA
Cost of land = RS . 30000
Cost of building = RS. 900000
Estimated life = 60 years.
Return expect = 5 % of land and 6% on building.
TYPES OF ESTIMATES
ESTIMATE
Estimate is the defined as the process of calculating the
quantities and cost of various items of works. it depends on the plan section and elevation
TYPES OF ESTIMATES
1.Approximate estimate
2.Detailed estimate
3.Revised estimate
4.Supplementary estimate
5.Sub estimate
6.Annual maintenance estimate or repair estimate
7. Complete estimate
MEASUREMENTS OF MATERIALS BASED ON IS 1200 REVISED
MEASUREMENTS OF MATERIALS BASED ON IS 1200 REVISED
SI NO
|
PARTICULAR OF ITEM
|
UNIT OF MEASUREMENT
|
UNIT OF PAYMENT
|
1
|
EARTH WORK
|
Cum
Cum
Cum
|
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
|
1.earth work in excavation
2.earthwork in filling in foundation trenches
3.earth work in filling in plinth
|
|||
2
|
CONCRETE
|
Cum
Cum
Cum
Cum
Cum
Cum
Cum
|
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
|
1.lime concrete in foundation
2.cement concrete in litels
3.rcc in slab
4 c c or rcc chujja,sunshade
5.lc in roof terracing
6.cement concrete bed
7.rcc sunshade
|
|||
3
|
DAMP PROOF COURCE DPC
|
Sqm
|
Per sqm
|
Thickness should be mentioned
|
|||
4
|
BRICKWORK
|
Cum
Cum
Cum
Sqm
Cum
Cum
|
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
Per cum
Per sqm
Per cum
Per cum
|
1.brickwork in foundation
2.brick work in plith
3.brick work in super structure
4.thin partition walls
5.brick work in arches
6.reinforced brick work
|
|||
5
|
STONE WORK
|
Cum
|
Per cum
|
Stone masonry
|
|||
6
|
WOOD WORK
|
Cum
Sqm
Numbers
|
Per cum
Per sqm
Per number
|
1.door sand windows frames
Or chowkhats rafters beams
2.shutters of doors and windows
3.doors and windows fittings
|
|||
7.
|
STEEL WORK
|
Quintal
Quintal
Quintal
Quintal
Quintal
Sqm
|
Per Quintal
Per Quintal
Per Quintal
Per Quintal
Per Quintal
Per sqm
|
1.steel reinforcement bars etc in rcc and rb work quintal
2.bending binding of steel reinforcement
3.rivets bolts nuts ancjor bolts,lewis bolts,holding down bolts
4.iron hold fasts
5.iron railing
6.iron grills
|
|||
8
|
ROOFING
|
Cum
Sqm
Sqm
Sqm
|
Per Cum
Per sqm
Per sqm
Per sqm
|
1.rcc and rb slab roof
2.lc roof over and inclusive of tiles or brick or stone slab etc
3.centering ans shuttering form work
4.ac sheet roofing
|
|||
9
|
PLASTERING POINTS AND FINISHING
|
Sqm
Sqm
Sqm
Sqm
Sqm
|
Per sqm
Per sqm
Per sqm
Per sqm
Per sqm
|
1.plastering cement or lime mortar
2.pointing
3.white washing colour washing cement wash
4.distempering
5.painting varnishing
|
|||
10
|
FLOORING
|
Sqm
Sqm
Sqm
|
Per sqm
Per sqm
Per sqm
|
1.25 mm cement concrete over 75 mm lime concrete floor
2.25mm or 40 cc floor
3.doors and window sills
|
|||
11
|
RAIN WATER PIPE PLAIN PIPE
|
1 rm
|
Per RM
|
12
|
STEEL WOODEN TRUSSES
|
1 no
|
Per NO
|
13
|
GLASS PANNELS
|
Sqm
|
Per sqm
|
14
|
FIXING OF GLASS PANELS OR CLEANING
|
No
|
Per NO
|
USEFUL INFORMATIONS FOR CIVIL SITE ENGINEERS
QUANTITY OF CEMENT , SAND REQUIRED FOR DIFFERENT
SPECIFICATIONS OF CEMENT PLASTER AND CEMENT POINTING FOR 10 SQUARE METRES
S.NO
|
DESCRIPTION OF WORK
|
CEMENT
|
SAND
|
|
CUB.M
|
BAGS
|
CUB.M
|
||
1
2
3.
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
1.25 cm thick cement plaster (1:6)
2.50 cm thick cement plaster (1:6)
6 mm thick cement plaster (1:5)
1.25 cm thick cement plaster (1:5)
2.50 cm thick cement plaster (1:5)
6 mm thick cement plaster (1:4)
1.25 cm thick cement plaster (1:4)
2.50 cm thick cement plaster (1:4)
6 mm thick cement plaster ( 1:3)
1.25 mm thick cement plaster (1:3)
2.50 cm thick cement plaster (1:3)
Cement pointing flush (1:2)
Cement pointing deep (1:2)
Cement pointing (flush,rule pointing)
Deep or projecting pointing (1:3)
|
0.021
0.430
0.012
0.025
0.055
0.015
0.300
0.600
0.180
0.038
0.075
0.017
0.027
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|
0.72
1.27
0.35
0.74
1.47
0.42
0.88
1.76
0.53
1.12
2.20
0.50
0.80
0.31
0.41
|
0.125
0.258
0.600
0.125
0.250
0.058
0.120
0.240
0.540
0.114
0.225
0.035
0.550
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|
